Violations of the body's reflex theory and reflex activity

Considering the variety of functional disorders of the body from the point of Pavlov's reflex theory, further developed by the physiological school, it should be noted the importance of this theory

for the sound application of pathogenetic therapy and, in particular, physical therapy.

In connection with the above it should be noted that a number of treatment methods available to the modern clinic can direct the conditioned reflex activity of the sick person in the right direction.

One of these methods, providing a vivid impact on the reflex activity of the patient, is a therapeutic exercise, since using it can actively influence the regulation of the body functions at its various disease states.

These reflex influence in the exercise demonstrated on the driven pletizmograficheokoy curve.

Thus, if the initial state of rest plethysmographic curve hardly changes during thermal stimuli applied to the other arm, then the procedure immediately after physiotherapy same thermal stimuli cause reflex changes vascular reaction, these changes take place, and after 30 minutes of rest of the patient.

These data confirm once again that the effect of exercise in connection with an increase in the physiological activity of the body's most important role is played by the regulating influence of the nervous system, leveling vascular response.

This has significant practical importance in the evaluation of the therapeutic role of physical therapy methods in complex treatment of patients with dystonia.

Active physical exercise as an unconditioned reflex takes the whole body of the patient from a state of relative calm in the active state. This active state in the application exercise is regulated cortical impulses.

When applied to patients exercise developed, improved and secured temporary connections.

Action of exercise - a conditioned reflex

Action of exercise with regular and prolonged use of physiotherapy diokinezii reduced, refined movements are performed for patients with less expenditure of energy, and automate more freely, in other words, abnormal movement patterns are replaced by physiological, which is characterized by reduction of movements.

This situation is directly related to a number of diseases and injuries of the central nervous system: brain injury and spinal cord injury, the effects of encephalitis, myelitis, polyradiculoneuritis, polio among children, where the most ekskvizitnym syndrome is a disorder of motor function.

In the complex treatment of this group of patients under the influence of exercise, there are temporary conditioned reflexes with which to successfully develop and refine a variety of physiological mechanisms of the patient.

With regular use of exercise can also consciously manage the development of movements disturbed the pathological process, to achieve gradual improvement of coordination and automation of motor skills.

To understand the mechanism of action of physical exercise on the patient is particularly important Pavlovian reflex theory. According to Pavlov, the central phenomenon in the cerebral hemispheres - the conditioned reflexes.

Conditioned reflexes are of great biological and educational value as a result of their time variability and flexibility.

Developed by Pavlov reflex theory allows a deeper analysis of the pathogenetic basis of the disease, to disclose and explain the essence of the individual clinical syndromes and therefore justify the use of physical therapy.

KM Bykov and his colleagues proved that the Pavlovian principle of temporary connections extends to the system of internal organs.

On the basis of a number of studies have shown part of the cortical mechanisms and regulation of the main systems of the body.

Thus, it became known that on the grounds of violation of cortico-visceral relationship can develop a variety of functional disorders in various systems of the body.

In internal medicine, these disorders include a variety of pathological conditions in the activity of the circulatory apparatus, respiration, metabolism, digestion.

Exercise and muscle tone

Ongoing activities during exercise muscle tone of skeletal muscles affects the autonomic changes and primarily on cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

Proprioception is important in the mechanism of waking; It is known that a change in muscle tone is also manifested in a change of autonomic functions. Currently, the muscle tone is regarded as reflexogen factor and its changes affect the change in the function of internal organs.

This provision is one of the basic positions of the theory of motor-visceral reflexes, developed by MR Mogendovich with employees. Please note that all the internal organs, especially musculoarticular unit is not only the executive, but at the same time perceiving receptor device.

The value of interoceptive reflexes is also expressed in maintaining the optimal level of activity of various physiological systems of the body. When you exercise, carried out in the appropriate dosage, adequate general condition of the patient, afferent impulses of the internal systems have a significant impact on the neuro-psychic sphere of the patient.

Streams of afferent impulses also contribute to the functional and dynamic restructuring of the neuro-humoral regulation of the whole organism, which influenced the course of treatment (exercise) becomes more sophisticated functionally.

In order to achieve an improved activity of the patient play an important role coordinating influence on internal systems by extero- especially proprioceptors working skeletal muscles.

The system of the reticular formation

In evaluating the therapeutic effect of exercise should be borne in mind that the muscular system and its reception and the central nervous system is an important mechanism of regulation of vegetative functions. The system of the reticular formation is distributed in almost the entire central region of the brain stem.

Depending on the location of irritation in the reticular formation occurs relief or braking on many types of motor processes, including the flexor or extensor reflexes, decerebrate rigidity or reactions that occur during stimulation of the motor cortex.

Ascending reticular influence, spreading up to the cerebral cortex of the brain are involved in the origin and maintenance of the waking state, as well as in the process of focused attention.

Thus, the influence of the reticular formation extends to the majority of the structures and functions of the central nervous system, reducing or increasing the level of their activity or linking and integrating their manifestations. It was also found that its impact on the neural mechanisms is expressed as upstream and downstream.

It also became apparent that the reticular formation is directly related to the implementation of the conditional reflex activity of the person is to be considered in assessing the physiological effect of exercise on patients.

In this regard, to achieve a therapeutic result in the application of physical therapy exercise is an important element of respect for the adequacy between the amount of exercise and reactive response to the internal systems of the body.