Suggestion and autosuggestion

In our country, the issues of self-hypnosis and suggestion a lot and fruitfully engaged academician Bekhterev. He believed that suggestibility is a normal characteristic of the human psyche,

expressed, however, in different people in different degrees. The suggestion, self-hypnosis, vzaimovnushenie widespread in human society and is accompanied by a person from an early age to old age.

In the words of spondylitis, suggestion (as opposed to belief) is in the mind of man, "not from the front entrance, as it were by the back door", bypassing the guard - criticism.

All that is taken for granted, without adequate critical processing incoming information in the human brain, there is a suggestion.

If VMBekhterev summarized the psychological basis for the phenomenon of suggestion, that Pavlov gave this property scientific physiological studies. The scientist wrote that the word for man is just as real a conditioned stimulus as irritants in common with animals.

But for a man of his word it is more versatile and mnogoobemlyuschim conditioned stimulus, which can not be compared with the conditioned stimuli of animals. As you know, for the animal, even highly organized, the word - just the sound, while for a person every word has a deep meaning, value.

Word of thanks to the previous adult life is associated with all external and internal stimuli that come in the cerebral hemispheres, and therefore can cause all those actions, reactions, which have determined these stimuli. "The suggestion is the most simple, the typical reflex of man" - sums up Pavlov.

Here is an example.

Imagine that a researcher puts into the mouth of the test slice of lemon. What if this happens? In response to a natural food stimulus (lemon), on the basis of innate unconditioned alimentary reflex, select the saliva.

However, you can get the same saliva without giving the subject a lemon, but only showing it (acting through the visual analyzer). In this case, salivary response was made through so-called first signaling system (through sight, hearing, smell).

But you can get the same response, talking about the lemon, its sour taste, "I'm taking a big juicy lemon, cut it and start to squeeze out of his sour juice in a glass!" - Says the experimenter. And from the words alone of lemon in the subject begins to salivate.

In this case, there is the impact through the second signal system, inherent to man. The word in the signal of brain activity as it directly replaces the natural stimulus. The word "lemon" as a conditioned stimulus, the second signal system excites the first signal system and even through subcortical causes a physiological response - salivation.

It should be remembered that the first signal system is in close connection and interaction with the second signal system, which is the basis of speech, thinking, writing, word analysis, and that the first signaling system in the "pure form" a person does not exist.

The word reflects the social and historical experience of humanity and the individual experience of the individual. The range of meanings of the word is extremely large: from a simple object to a symbol of abstract, abstract concepts and ideas that reflect the human mind. Accordingly, the range is diverse and wide range of verbal suggestion.

For example, if the word "lemon" can cause salivation, and the word "food" a hungry man - the secretion of gastric juice and intestinal motor response, it is not surprising that the word "sleep" on the mechanism of suggestion can induce hypnotic sleep. Now, the examples show the action and the power of suggestion, self-hypnosis and vzaimovnusheniya.

In a lecture to medical students, it was stated: "Today we are going to study the activity of the olfactory analyzer: the propagation velocity of the smell of the room. We invite you to experience the next." Professor poured on the cotton a little dark liquid from a bottle and brought to the department put cotton wool. Students were asked to raise their hands as soon as they feel a sharp, unpleasant smell.

Soon, in the forefront to raise a few hands of students, smell. Then the smell of "spread" into the heart of the audience, and finally reached the back row. At this time, sitting in front of some became ill and had to be put out of the lecture hall. What surprise of the students when they experience after said: "There is no smell was not! You inspired him. You waited tensely for him," sniffing ", and that you have developed a massive, suggestion olfactory hallucination!"

As seen from the experiment conducted in the normal waking state, without hypnosis, suggestion was strong enough. If young and educated people in our time, managed to cause olfactory hallucinations mass character, it is not surprising that in the Middle Ages, or closer to us while under the influence of suggestion church representatives often flashed mass hallucinations of a religious nature.

In Europe in the Middle Ages used the powerful influence of the Catholic Church. Priests instilled a believer that the devil as all-powerful as God himself, demons disguised as ordinary people can freely penetrate into human dwellings and come into contact with people. Moreover, the demons could scaled down to fit flies penetrate into the human body through the nose, ears and mouth.

Hypnosis for bad habits

At present, methods of psychotherapy improved professors VE Rozhkov and IV Strelchuk, and according to them to get a good outcome. When I was a professor at the First Leningrad Medical Institute. Academician Pavlov, the treated patients who suffered not only by internal diseases, but in parallel with chronic alcoholism.

Of course, the treatment of internal diseases such as asthma, hypertension, and various other disorders could not be successful if the patient was also a chronic alcoholic. Therefore, along with the underlying disease of the internal organs, we had to engage in treatment and alcoholism. It is interesting to note that many of these patients did not consider themselves sick with alcoholism.

Over a period of almost 25 years of work in gipnotarii were treated a lot of patients. Analyzing the results of treatment, we came to the conclusion that the outpatient treatment of chronic alcoholism little effectively and patients can be cured only in special drug treatment clinics in the various enterprises, plants and factories.

It successfully combines modern methods while disconnecting the patient from his environment with its temptations. In the face of such a closed hospital treatment success   increases sharply. It should be emphasized that all patients are treated voluntarily and not under duress.

It should be noted that the patients who were treated we usually are more gipkabelnymi than patients with other diseases. This is because, in our view, on the one hand, the innate (genetically fixed) properties, on the other hand - the weakening of the nervous system, its inhibition due to prolonged self-poisoning alcohol.

In the state of hypnosis fails to inspire many people with an aversion to alcohol (up to nausea and vomiting), to develop new healthy conditional reflexes, even the smell of alcohol, the type of dishes and drinking establishments.

During the rational psychotherapy the patient is given complete information about the enormous harm caused by alcohol all systems and organs, until the sexual sphere and transmission to offspring morbid heredity - physical and mental retardation, dementia and often children.

During treatment, the patient is suggested hypnosis ability to resist attempts to further incite his former companions after treatment on track of drinking and drunkenness. To prove the great influence of hypnosis and suggestion to the man in the past suffered from alcoholism, Kharkiv scientists hypnotist conducted such a study. A person in hypnosis were given a glass of water and were told that he drank vodka.

After drinking water, the subject immediately fell into a state of severe intoxication, with all the signs of an alcoholic state. On the contrary, subjects were given wine, but were told that he was drinking plain water. The experiment did not come drunk.

These studies confirm once again the power of verbal suggestion in hypnosis.

Here is an extract from the case.

At the reception in gipnotarii came a man 45 years old, an engineer. The patient told me that for two years his irresistibly attracted to alcohol. Drinking became after the death of his beloved son. In a drunken state often scandals, bad eating, irritable, suffering from insomnia. Drinks heavily two or three days in a row. In the family there is a child 10 years.

Hypnotherapy treatment is started. The first session was plunged into a state of medium depth, inspired a dramatic aversion to alcohol, more relaxed attitude to the experienced, loving attitude to the remaining child. Released on a mission to try to not to drink until the next meeting.

Three days later, a second session was on with his wife. Wife happily reported that her husband three days did not drink, eat properly, sleep well, was attentive to her and the baby. On the third session of hypnotherapy patient came awake, in good spirits, he said that the wine does not pull. After the 10th session I was convinced that in the future treatment of this patient does not need. The result of treatment was observed for two years. Recurrence of the disease did not come.

So hypnosuggestive psychotherapy in conjunction with other known methods of treatment and occupational therapy gives good results and can be recommended for these patients.