Hypnosis
(from the Greek. hypnos - sleep) peculiar psychological state, accompanied by specific physiological manifestations resembles sleep and characterized the functioning of consciousness at the level of the individual,
other than the normal waking state. Hypnotic state characterized by increased sensitivity and responsiveness to internal mental stimulus, usually different response to external circumstances.
The hypnotized person reacts only to the treatment of the hypnotist, perceiving them uncritically and acting automatically, ignoring all aspects of their environment, other than those that are referenced by the hypnotist.
He sees, feels, smells and generally perceives the surrounding reality in accordance with the hypnotic suggestion, even if one is in obvious contradiction with the incoming stimuli.
Even memory and awareness of self can also be changed by suggestion, and the influence of suggestion (posthypnotic) apply to human actions after the termination of hypnosis.
The history of hypnosis is as old as the history of witchcraft, magic and medicine, which refers to the methods of hypnosis. Its scientific study began in the late. 18. When Franz Mesmer, a Viennese doctor, began using hypnosis to treat his patients.
His methods were soon discredited due to the mistaken belief that the results were supposed manifestation of the occult forces, which he called "animal magnetism," but hypnosis (or mesmerism) continues to interest physicians.
Many clinicians use it without understanding the nature of the phenomenon, while in the middle. 19 in. English, physician James Braid has not studied the phenomenon and coined the term "hypnosis" and "hypnotization." The techniques used for hypnosis, have some common features. The most important conditions are voluntary and cooperation of the hypnotized and trust the hypnotist.
Hypnotized invited to relax, take a comfortable position, and watch carefully on any subject. This inspires the hypnotist is usually a quiet, calm voice that relaxation will increase and your eyes start to close.
Hypnotized lets his eyes close and shows signs of complete relaxation, such as the sluggishness of the body and deep breathing. This means entering into a state of hypnotic trance.
Maximum human suggestibility when he believes that he can be hypnotized, the hypnotist believes in competence, trust him and considers what is happening safe, appropriate and relevant to his wishes.
Hypnotic suggestion, thus, usually preceded by the establishment of the appropriate contacts between the hypnotist and the hypnotized. Hypnosis is distinguished by the extent to which the state of trance, from light to full immersion, no different with the achieved level of constancy.
Amazing capacity detected by some people in a state of hypnosis, manifest as a result of focusing on and perform tasks from their usual tendency of consciousness to respond to distracting, although minor events.
Gipnabilnost, the state is extremely enhanced susceptibility and suggestibility in relation to stimuli coming from the hypnotist, is the central problem of hypnosis.
Relevant suggestions of the hypnotist can lead to a surprisingly wide range of psychological, sensory and motor reactions of a person in a state of deep hypnosis.
Obeying and reacting to the suggestion, a person can be deaf, blind, paralyzed, experiencing hallucinations and illusions, lose memory, not to feel the pain and keep the very uncomfortable position; its behavioral manifestations correspond to the situation that inspired him hypnotist.
One of the most interesting manifestations of hypnosis is a post-hypnotic suggestion. This refers to the execution hypnotized after the hypnotic session instructions received by the hypnotist during the trance.
Post-hypnotic amnesia is manifested in the fact that people are not aware of the source pulse induces the commission of the action corresponding to the instructions of the hypnotist. Post-hypnotic suggestion, however, is a particularly powerful means to control human behavior than with his own conscious will.
Many people can not remember what happened during the hypnotic session. Post-hypnotic amnesia may be spontaneous or the result of deep hypnosis, or the result of an appropriate suggestion from the hypnotist.
Amnesia can be extended to all the events that took place during the hypnotic session, or just one of its elements, as well as non-hypnosis circumstances.
Post-hypnotic amnesia can be successfully removed appropriately hypnotic suggestion. The opposite property of memory capacity, significantly exceeding its normal level (hypermnesia), is also an aspect of behavior under the influence of hypnosis.
Eg., In a trance a person as a result of uncritical willingness to stress and relief from restrictions imposed by the preformed opinion, can vividly recall long-forgotten, and even deeply suppressed feelings and events, describe them in detail, but it still does not remember them in the normal level of consciousness.
This remarkable property allows you to recover memories, with others. Conditions unavailable to consciousness; This circumstance was used by Freud in his studies, his patients unknowingly stored memories. Versatility of hypnosis in psychotherapy.
Eg., The technique recovery of traumatic events with the aim of emotional catharsis is a useful tool in the treatment of traumatic neuroses, for example. war-related, in patients with a relatively stable adaptation.
Hypnosis is constantly being condemned by various medical institutions where it is used exclusively for recreational purposes, because there is always a risk of adverse reactions post-hypnotic.
This is the basis for the prohibition or restriction of public revenue sharing sessions in some countries.
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